Sharecropping
Many former slaves expected the federal government to give them a certain amount of land as a gift for all the work they had done during the slavery era. Union General William T. Sherman had encouraged this expectation in early 1865 by granting numerous of freed men 40 acres each of the abandoned land left in the wake of his army. During Reconstruction, however, the conflict over labor resulted in the sharecropping system, in which black families would rent small plots of land in return for a portion of their crop (often half), to be given to the landowner at the end of each year. Sharecroppers often rarely had a chance to make any profit or to save any money.
Tenant Farming
Tenant Farming was a "step up" from sharecropping. It enabled farm laborers to rent land from landowners for a percentage of crops, called crop rent, or cash payments, called cash rent. The terms of contracts varied, it depended on whether the worker owned any equipment or purchased his own seed and supplies. Though tenant farmers usually owned equipment and/or farm animals, and the landowners provided the house and land. Crop rent contracts generally required that one-fourth to one-third of the crop be paid to the landlord.
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